A healthy lifestyle is an important part of overall well-being and reducing the risk of illness. It includes healthy eating, regular physical activity, adequate sleep and relaxation, abstaining from tobacco and the use of drugs, and moderating alcohol consumption. It also includes stress reduction and mental health.
The term “lifestyle” was first coined by the German sociologist Max Weber in his 1922 book, The Sociology of Values, to describe the set of values and behavioural choices that define an individual’s world view, which is then expressed through daily living. While Weber’s definition focused on the individual’s values and behavioural choices, other sociologists have developed different approaches to the concept of lifestyle.
For example, Veal [38] defines lifestyle as a series of day-to-day activities that reflect personal characteristics, such as values and school of thought. She argues that these are not necessarily related to age, gender or education but are determined by the social context in which a person lives. In addition, she asserts that a person’s lifestyle can be formed through a process of wide or limited choice, depending on their level of economic independence and the extent to which they have access to various commodities and services.
Other sociologists have defined lifestyle as a process of satisfying needs. They argue that once the physiological and safety needs have been met, people can choose to satisfy their desires through either a self-directed or hetero directed route. Self-directed lifestyles are based on the individual’s values and behavioural traits, while hetero directed lifestyles are more closely linked to the person’s personality and sociodemographic factors.
Another approach to the concept of lifestyle is to analyse the relationship between psychological and behavioural variables, considering synchronic and diachronic dimensions. This is the approach taken by Cathelat and his colleagues, who have developed a number of models to describe the dynamics of different lifestyles, including those related to health.
A growing body of research shows that many health behaviours can be positively influenced by environmental and lifestyle factors. For example, the dietary habits of children are often influenced by their parents’ lifestyles, and being active can help to reduce the risk of obesity in young people. Furthermore, lifestyles can impact how well a person performs on cognitive tests and the likelihood of developing certain illnesses.
To lead a healthier lifestyle, it is important to have support from family and friends. Research suggests that it is easier to stick with a new diet and exercise regime when you have others holding you accountable and encouraging you to be your best. Additionally, it is helpful to consider what you will need in order to be successful. You may need to stock up on healthy foods, remove temptations or find a special spot to relax. It is also beneficial to plan for obstacles that might derail your best efforts, such as unexpected events or stressful times. Finally, it’s important to have a backup plan in case you fall off track or can’t meet your goals.
